diff --git a/apps/machine/electron/state-store.ts b/apps/machine/electron/state-store.ts
index 1f7b41b..bddf1c4 100644
--- a/apps/machine/electron/state-store.ts
+++ b/apps/machine/electron/state-store.ts
@@ -158,8 +158,12 @@ export function initDatabase(dbPath?: string): void {
 
   if (existing && existing.value === '4') {
     // Migration v4 → v5: add manual_dispense type and remediated_by column
-    // SQLite cannot ALTER CHECK constraints, so recreate the table
+    // SQLite cannot ALTER CHECK constraints, so recreate the table.
+    // Disable FK constraints during migration to avoid errors from
+    // transaction_bills/cassette_bills referencing transactions(txid).
+    db.pragma('foreign_keys = OFF')
     db.exec(`
+      DROP TABLE IF EXISTS transactions_new;
       CREATE TABLE transactions_new (
         txid TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
         type TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (type IN ('cash_in', 'cash_out', 'manual_dispense')),
@@ -179,6 +183,7 @@ export function initDatabase(dbPath?: string): void {
       DROP TABLE transactions;
       ALTER TABLE transactions_new RENAME TO transactions;
     `)
+    db.pragma('foreign_keys = ON')
     db.exec(`
       CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS operator_commands (
         id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,